[Solved]-how to show labels in laravel charts when the name of the label is on another table?-Chart.js

Assuming you set up the relationship between Permit and State models, and you want to count the number of permits for each state (so I think you meant to have a 1:N relation), you could do like this:

$data = State::withCount('permits')->all();

// Then when you need to extract data
$chart = new PermitsChart;
$chart->labels($data->pluck('name'));

// To retrive the permit_count foreach state you can to
$data->pluck('permits_count'); // Array of counts

Update
To set up relationships between your model you have to add:

Permit.php

class Permit extends Model
{
    // Your existing code
    public function state()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(State::class);
    }
}

State.php

class State extends Model
{
    // Your existing code
    public function permits()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Permit::class);
    }
}